In the year 2007, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), issued Accounting Standard (AS) 30, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and Accounting Standard (AS) 31, Financial Instruments: Presentation. Both of these Accounting Standards were to come into effect in respect of accounting periods commencing on or after April 1, 2009 and were to be recommendatory in nature for an initial period of two years. These were to become mandatory in respect of accounting periods commencing on or after April 1, 2011. Further, it was clarified, that from the date of AS 30 becoming recommendatory in nature, the following Guidance Notes on Accounting, issued by the ICAI, stood withdrawn: